大豆PHD家族蛋白的全基因组鉴定及表达特征分析

PHD（Plant Homeodomain Finger）基因家族编码一类锌指转录因子,广泛参与植物的生长发育和逆境应答过程。通过全基因组鉴定获得了95个大豆PHD家族蛋白。通过共线性分析、进化树构建、基因结构和功能结构域鉴定、GO注释分析、不同组织间和非生物胁迫下表达分析等,获得了大豆PHD家族基因复制、家族进化、保守结构域及基因表达等信息。结果表明,大豆PHD基因在家族进化、基因结构和保守结构域上存在较大变异,可能参与Zn ²⁺结合、DNA结合及表观遗传调控等分子过程,参与调控植物生长发育和逆境应答。这些结果为进一步研究大豆PHD家族在生长发育和逆境应答中的生物学功能提供重要线索。     

NRF2 attenuates oxidative stress and lysosomal dysfunction in doxorubicin-induced H9C2 cells

AIM:To study the effect of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) on oxidative stress injury and lysosomal dysfunction in doxorubicin (DOX)-induced rat myocardial H9C2 cells. METHODS:The H9C2 cells were treated with DOX. The expression of NRF2 at mRNA and protein levels was determined by real-time PCR and Western blot. The H9C2 cells stably over-expressing NRF2 were established by lentiviral infection. Real-time PCR and Western blot were used to identify the efficiency of over-expression. After DOX treatment, the cell viability was measured by CCK-8 assay, the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT), and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the cell supernatant were detected. FITC-dextran was used to analyze lysosomal pH, and the protein expression of lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1) and cathepsin B was determined by Western blot.RESULTS:The expression of NRF2 at mRNA and protein levels in DOX-treated H9C2 cells was significantly decreased (P<0.05). Over-expression of NRF2 significantly up-regulated the mRNA and protein expression of NRF2 in DOX-treated H9C2 cells (P<0.05). After DOX treatment, the cell viability was decreased, and LDH activity was increased. The activity of SOD, GSH-Px and CAT was decreased, and the content of MDA was increased (P<0.05). The lysosomal pH was increased, and the protein expression of LAMP1 and cathepsin B decreased (P<0.05). Over-expression of NRF2 increased the cell viability, decreased LDH activity, increased the activity of SOD, GSH-Px and CAT, and decreased the content of MDA in cell supernatant (P<0.05). Over-expression of NRF2 also decreased the lysosomal pH, and increased the protein expression of LAMP1 and cathepsin B (P<0.05). CONCLUSION:DOX inhibits the expression of NRF2 in the myocardial H9C2 cells. Over-expression of NRF2 attenuates oxidative stress and lysosomal dysfunction in the H9C2 cells induced by DOX.     

生物有机肥部分替代化肥对莴笋生长、产量及品质的影响

为了改善因化肥过量施用导致的蔬菜品质下降、肥料利用率降低和环境污染等问题,通过化肥减量配施生物有机肥,探讨菜田减肥潜力和生物有机肥增效作用。采用随机区组试验,研究不同施肥处理对莴笋产量、品质、光合特性及肥料贡献率的影响。试验共设置6个施肥处理:不施肥(CK1)、100%常规施肥(CK2)、80%常规施肥+200 kg·667m~(-2)生物有机肥(T1)、80%常规施肥+400 kg·667m~(-2)生物有机肥(T2)、70%常规施肥+400 kg·667m~(-2)生物有机肥(T3)、70%常规施肥+200 kg·667m~(-2)生物有机肥(T4)。结果表明:生物有机肥部分替代化肥可使莴笋的株高、茎长及茎粗不同程度的增加,其中T2效果最优;在相同的生物有机肥施用量下,化肥减施20%较减施30%有助于根系的生长和根系活力的增强;T2处理莴笋叶绿素总量分别比CK1处理和CK2处理提高17.32%和1.74%;T2处理的净光合速率和蒸腾速率最高,分别高于其他处理6.90%～49.35%和6.26%～58.64%;与CK2相比, T1、T2、T3和T4分别增产4.76%、15.31%、11.06%和4.11%,其中T2产量最高,达8 277.00 kg·667m~(-2),其经济效益比CK2增长11.64%;化肥减施并配施生物有机肥的处理肥料贡献率均显著高于CK2处理, 100%常规施肥供大于求,供需平衡破坏,导致肥料的浪费;随着化肥用量的减少,莴笋硝酸盐含量降低, T3处理降低幅度最大,茎、叶中硝酸盐含量较CK2分别降低26.53%和20.96%;配施生物有机肥可提高莴笋茎、叶中可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖和维生素C的含量,其中配施400 kg·667m~(-2)时效果更优。化肥减施20%的条件下配施400 kg·667m~(-2)生物有机肥可增强莴笋叶片光合能力,提高产量和改善可食用部分品质,是实现肥料资源合理配置的良好施肥模式。     

养殖密度对硝化型生物絮团系统中凡纳滨对虾生长和水质的影响

利用硝化型生物絮团系统进行凡纳滨对虾的养殖,并通过设置不同的养殖密度探究不同养殖密度下硝化型生物絮团系统对凡纳滨对虾生长性能和水质情况的影响。实验选择同一批标粗到一定规格的健康凡纳滨对虾[体长(4.80±0.25) cm,体质量(0.98±0.16)g],分成5个密度梯度组放养到养殖池中,进行为期45 d的养殖。结果表明:80～610尾/m~3范围内,硝化型生物絮团系统对非离子氨和亚硝酸盐氮可以控制在警戒浓度(0.2 mg/L)附近波动,为凡纳滨对虾健康生长提供了良好的环境,保证养殖存活率,另外该系统下适当的排污可以避免高密度养殖下硝酸盐氮积累太快;80～610尾/m~3时存活率随密度升高而下降,但产量随密度升高而增加。     

饲粮精料水平和蛋氨酸铬添加剂量对舍饲滩羊生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质和脂肪沉积的影响

本试验旨在探究饲粮精料水平和蛋氨酸铬(Cr-Met)添加剂量对舍饲滩羊生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质和脂肪沉积的影响。采用2×3双因素试验设计,2个因素分别为饲粮精料水平和Cr-Met添加剂量,其中饲粮精料水平分别设为35%(低精料饲粮,饲粮精粗比为35∶65)和55%(高精料饲粮,饲粮精粗比为55∶45),Cr-Met添加剂量分别设为0、0.75和1.50 g/(d·只)。将60只雄性滩羊羔羊[平均体重为(21±1)kg]随机分配到6个试验组,每组10只。试验期为80 d,其中预试期15 d,正试期65 d。结果显示:1)与低精料饲粮组相比,高精料饲粮组滩羊的平均日增重、屠宰率、背膘厚度、肌内脂肪含量和后腿肉比重显著增加(P<0.05),但料重比与肌肉蒸煮损失、剪切力、pH、亮度(L*)值、红度(a*)值和黄度(b*)值则显著降低(P<0.05)。2)低精料饲粮组滩羊背膘厚度、皮下脂肪厚度、肌内脂肪含量和后腿肉比重随Cr-Met添加剂量的增加而线性降低(P<0.05),但肌肉pH则线性升高(P<0.05)。3)高精料饲粮组滩羊肋肉比重、腰肉比重以及肌肉剪切力和pH随Cr-Met添加剂量的增加而线性升高(P<0.05),而肌内脂肪含量和肌肉a*值则线性降低(P<0.05)。综合本试验测定指标,建议在滩羊养殖中选择精粗比为55∶45的高精料饲粮,Cr-Met的适宜添加剂量为1.50 g/(d·只),且不建议在精粗比为35∶65的低精料饲粮中添加Cr-Met。     

Monitoring shrimp growth with control charts in aquaculture

This work proposes a method for the statistical monitoring of the weekly weight of shrimp in a fish farm. The design of control charts for shrimp growth presents several challenges, the main ones being the presence of trend and autocorrelation. Several control charts are proposed, the most efficient being a chart based on the residuals of a second order autoregression whose parameters vary with the week. A control chart with less computational complexity is also provided. It is simply based on growth rates and works well at detecting negative weight changes. Real data from a large shrimp farm has been used for both the design and the evaluation.     

Effects of three methionine sources in diets on temporal B0AT1 and ASCT2 mRNA expression in different intestinal segments of cobia,Rachycentron canadum

A 4‐week feeding trial was conducted using five groups of hybrid grouper (61.15 ± 0.15 g) to explore the potential effects of three methionine (Met) sources. Five isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were formulated that included a fishmeal (FM) diet; nonsupplemented (NS) diet; or NS diets with the addition of the L‐methionine (L‐Met), DL‐methionine (DL‐Met), or coated Met (Co‐Met) to obtain the same Met level as the FM diet. Fish were randomly distributed into sea cages (30 fish per cage). Weight gain and specific growth rate in the DL‐Met group and FM group were significantly higher than those in all other groups (p < .05). In the proximal and distal intestines, of the 20 gene and time combinations (10 per gene), there were 14 combinations (70%) in which there were no significant differences in gene expression levels between the FM and DL‐Met groups (p > .05). The main reason for the same growth effect between the DL‐Met and FM groups may be attributed to the synchronized absorption at most time points after feeding, which had similar expression patterns of B⁰AT1 and ASCT2 of the proximal and distal intestines between two groups.     

基于径向基网络的含缺陷管道安全系数修正

安全系数是管道完整性评价方法的重要参数之一,传统评价方法仅考虑了管道所处地区等级对其影响,未能全面评价管道的真实安全状态。提取管道相关风险因素,比较各因素间相对重要程度并建立表征不同风险状态的分值体系,根据所得风险分值对安全系数进行修正,使得修正后的安全系数能够反映含缺陷管段实际风险状态;结合径向基网络方法的自学习特点,将各风险因素作为输入,修正后的安全系数作为输出,建立基于径向基网络的管道安全系数计算模型。由模型训练得出的修正安全系数与测试样本吻合度较好,验证了模型的准确性。结果表明:修正安全系数在考虑地区等级的基础上同时引入了其他重要风险因素的影响,为管道完整性评价中的安全系数取值提供了新的思路。     

农村互联网发展对中国玉米全要素生产率的影响

采用DEA-mamlquist指数测算2004—2019年中国17个玉米主产省(区)的全要素生产率,运用联立方程组模型实证检验农村互联网发展对玉米全要素生产率的影响及其作用机理,并分区域探讨其差异性。结果显示:2004—2019年中国玉米全要素生产率年均增长0.2%,主要依靠技术进步的单轨模式驱动。农村互联网的发展显著(P<0.01)提升玉米全要素生产率,主要依靠技术进步和技术效率的协同作用驱动。分区域来看,农村互联网发展对玉米全要素生产率均具有显著(P<0.01)的促进作用,其影响程度由高到低依次为北方春播玉米区>黄淮海平原夏播玉米区>西北灌溉玉米区>西南山地玉米区。建议进一步提高农村互联网的配套设施建设,发挥互联网“连接经济”的优势,应用多元化互联网技术,促进不同生态类型区玉米生产效率的提升。     

EPS364, a Novel Deep-Sea Bacterial Exopolysaccharide,Inhibits Liver Cancer Cell Growth and Adhesion

The prognosis of liver cancer was inferior among tumors. New medicine treatments are urgently needed. In this study, a novel exopolysaccharide EPS364 was purified from Vibrio alginolyticus 364, which was isolated from a deep-sea cold seep of the South China Sea. Further research showed that EPS364 consisted of mannose, glucosamine, gluconic acid, galactosamine and arabinose with a molar ratio of 5:9:3.4:0.5:0.8. The relative molecular weight of EPS364 was 14.8 kDa. Our results further revealed that EPS364 was a β-linked and phosphorylated polysaccharide. Notably, EPS364 exhibited a significant antitumor activity, with inducing apoptosis, dissipation of the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in Huh7.5 liver cancer cells. Proteomic and quantitative real-time PCR analyses indicated that EPS364 inhibited cancer cell growth and adhesion via targeting the FGF19-FGFR4 signaling pathway. These findings suggest that EPS364 is a promising antitumor agent for pharmacotherapy.